Wednesday, November 3, 2010

Can Adding a Side Salad to a Cheeseburger Help You Lose Weight?

EVANSTON, Ill., Sept. 20 /PRNewswire/ -- Can adding a side salad to a cheeseburger help one lose weight? New research from the Kellogg School of Management suggests that people, particularly those who characterize themselves as weight conscious, tend to believe that adding a healthy option to an otherwise indulgent meal will lower the total calorie count.

"Despite the growing availability of healthier, diet-friendly foods, the proliferation of diets, and the increasing number of public policy initiatives aimed at obesity, the proportion of overweight individuals in the United States continues to increase," says Alexander Chernev, study author and associate professor of marketing at the Kellogg School Management at Northwestern University. "An important factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is the misguided belief about the relationship between a meal's healthiness and its impact on weight gain. People erroneously believe that eating healthy foods in addition to unhealthy ones can decrease a meal's calorie count."

In earlier research, Chernev identified consumers' tendency to underestimate their calorie intake. In his new study, Chernev builds on this concept, documenting a striking outcome: this propensity to misestimate calories is stronger among weight-conscious people, who would seem most likely to closely monitor their diets.

As a part of this study, 934 participants from a nationwide online research panel were asked to estimate the calorie content of several meals. Some were shown a series of relatively unhealthy meals, and others were shown the same meals combined with a healthy option. For example, some of the participants were shown a bowl of chili with cheese, whereas the others were shown the same bowl of chili paired with a small green side salad. The other food pairs included a cheeseburger, which for some of the participants was paired with three celery sticks; a bacon-and-cheese waffle sandwich (paired with a small organic apple); and a meatball pepperoni cheesesteak (paired with a celery-and-carrot side dish).

Results were astounding. Those who viewed the chili alone rated it as averaging 699 calories. In contrast, those who were shown the chili combined with the green salad estimated it to have only 656 calories. Thus, adding a green salad to the bowl of chili lowered the perceived calorie content of the entire meal by 43 calories—as if the green salad had negative calories. This negative calorie illusion was observed with all four meals tested, indicating the prevalence of the belief that one can consume fewer calories simply by adding a healthy item to a meal.

"Because people believe that adding a healthy option can lower a meal's calorie content, the negative calorie illusion can lead to overconsumption, thus contributing to the obesity trend," says Chernev.

What was even more surprising, however, was that dieters—who are presumably more involved in monitoring their calorie intake and more familiar with the calorie content of different meal options—were more likely to fall into the negative calorie illusion trap. In fact, the illusion was twice as strong for the weight-conscious groups (who on average underestimated the combined meal by 76 calories or 10.8%) than for those who were rather indifferent to their weight (who on average underestimated the combined meal by 33 calories or 4.8%).

To combat the "dieter's paradox," as Chernev has termed this phenomenon, he recommends shifting the focus of current public policy campaigns away from the stereotypes associated with "good" and "bad" foods. When product ads and public policy communications stereotype foods into virtues and vices, they tend to shift people's attention away from the quantity of food consumed. According to Chernev, this neglect of quantity might end up implicitly promoting the illusion of negative calories.

"The bottom line here is that motivating people to lose weight without educating them on how to monitor their calorie intake might not be enough to combat obesity. As the dieter's paradox shows, motivation without knowledge can be counterproductive," says Chernev. "Promoting the consumption of healthy foods without providing a complete picture of the factors influencing weight gain might paradoxically facilitate calorie overconsumption, leading to weight gain rather than weight loss."

The study, "The Dieter's Paradox," appeared in the April 2011 issue of the Journal of Consumer Psychology.

MORE INFORMATION: To request the full study or to arrange an interview with Professor Alexander Chernev, contact Aaron Mays or Dawn McKenzie, APR at the contact information listed below.

For more information about the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, visit http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu.

Cosmetic Surgery, Botox, Aesthetic Laser Markets to Grow to $3B

VANCOUVER, Sept. 14 /PRNewswire/ - According to a new report by iData Research (www.idataresearch.net), the leading global authority in medical device and pharmaceutical market research, the market for cosmetic surgery, facial aesthetics and medical lasers is expected to almost double in size, exceeding $3 billion by 2017. The market for aesthetic Botulinum toxin-A drugs such as Botox(R) will grow to an estimated $543 million by 2017, while the aesthetic laser and light therapy markets for skin resurfacing, hair removal and laser lipolysis are the fastest growing segments.

"Allergan has had a monopoly on Botulinum toxin A drugs since 2002, but now faces competition from Dysport(R) by Medicis as well as other new competitors expected to enter the market," says Dr. Kamran Zamanian, CEO of iData. "Allergan and Medicis have been fierce rivals, as their Juvederm(R) and Restylane(R) facial dermal fillers compete in the lucrative dermal filler market."

The report states that the U.S. market for aesthetic facial injectable products is valued at almost $860 million in 2010. Competition will intensify with the expected entry of PurTox(R) by Mentor Corporation, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson. Use of Botulinum toxin is also expected to increase due to a growing number of therapeutic possibilities, such as upper limb spasms, neck malpositioning due to spastic musculature and certain types of eye muscle disorders.

"A growing number of doctors are looking at the therapeutic potential of Botulinum-A. There are more cosmetic procedures performed using Botulinum-A than therapeutic, however therapeutic procedures use higher doses of the drug, therefore these two markets are similar in value," says Dr. Zamanian.

iData's Global 3-report series, the "Markets for Cosmetic Surgery, Facial Aesthetics and Medical Laser Devices 2011" includes the latest data, market analyses and competitor profiles for: Botulinum toxin, dermal filler, augmentation implants, liposuction aspirators, laser/light devices and microderm abrasion.

For more information, register free on iData's website at: http://www.idataresearch.net/idata/registration.php

About iData Research

iData Research (www.idataresearch.net/idata/discoveridata.php) is an international market research and consulting group focused on providing market intelligence for medical device and pharmaceutical companies. iData covers research in: cosmetic surgery, facial aesthetics, medical lasers, orthopedics, cardiovascular, dental, endoscopy and more.

SOURCE iData Research Inc.

Survey: Can You Guess What Scent Turns Arizona Girls On?

NEW YORK, Sept. 14 /PRNewswire/ -- It's long been known that how a guy smells is the number one thing that determines whether a girl will find him attractive.(i) In fact, two out of three women say they are more likely to make out with a guy on the first date if he smells good.(ii) To further investigate the science behind scent and attraction, AXE, the iconic men's grooming brand, commissioned new research unearthing what scents turn girls on – proving that guys looking to enhance their game should choose a fragrance based on where they reside.

AXE enlisted scent expert Dr. Alan Hirsch, director of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation, to determine girls' scent preferences in 10 of the top cities for singles nationwide. Surprisingly, no two cities fared the same. In Chicago, for example, which boasts nearly 700 bakeries and patisseries, girls preferred the sweet smell of vanilla, while in sunny San Diego, girls go wild for the scent of suntan lotion and salty ocean air. Guys should take note – switching up fragrance according to locale might just be the help needed to attract her attention.

"In each city we tested, girls reported different scent preferences, indicating that geography has a direct correlation to what scents they find attractive," said Dr. Hirsch. "Guys should heed these findings as research has shown that when women are in the presence of a preferred scent, they are more likely to project positive feelings on those around them, which can lead to increased attraction."

Seductive Scents

So which scents may seduce? Guys living in New York, where girls dig the smell of coffee, should opt for a gourmet foodie scent, such as AXE Dark Temptation, which includes notes of hot chocolate amber and red peppercorn. Guys in L.A. shouldn't think they can get by with the same fragrance – girls there are drawn to the smell of fresh lavender so guys should reach for clean, herbal scents. How different is it from city to city? Check it out:

1. Girls' Scent Preferences by City New York City – Coffee
2. Los Angeles – Lavender
3. Chicago – Vanilla
4. Houston – Barbeque
5. Atlanta – Cherry
6. Phoenix – Eucalyptus
7. Philadelphia – Clean Laundry
8. Dallas – Smoke/Fireplace
9. San Diego – Suntan Lotion/Ocean
10 .Minneapolis-St. Paul – Cut Grass

For guys who don't live in one of the above locations, Dr. Hirsch and his team of scent scientists broke down the data nationally and regionally, finding that some scents were popular enough to cross state lines. Food-focused scents like vanilla and coffee, for instance, reined supreme nationwide.

Girls' Scent Preferences Nationwide

1.Vanilla
2.Coffee
3.Lavender
4.Fresh Air/Rain

Girls' Scent Preferences Regionally

• East Coast – Coffee
• South – Fire/Smoke
• Midwest – Cut Grass
• West Coast – Baked Goods

Sensorial Satisfaction

The importance of knowing what scents girls are attracted to goes beyond picking out a complementary fragrance. Dating and relationship expert Ian Kerner, New York Times best-selling author of She Comes First and Love in the Time of Colic, suggests not only wearing the correct fragrance according to your city, but incorporating the preferred scent into your dating routine.

"Dating should be a sensorial experience," says Kerner. "If a girl likes the sights, sounds and smell around her, she is going to find you more desirable." Guys who call the South home, for example, might take their girl to their favorite barbeque place or roast S'mores by a campfire to create that desired smoky aroma. Since girls in the Midwest like freshly cut grass, guys in the Heartland may be better off with a picnic or hitting up the driving range.

Survey Says

In addition to the study, AXE also commissioned research firm StrategyOne to survey girls nationwide about their thoughts on scent and attraction. While scent preferences vary by location, some things ring true from coast to coast, proving that scent is an important element to consider when getting ready for that hot date.

Dirty little secret: One in four girls will wait anywhere from two weeks to a month before washing their sheets in order to keep their guy's scent close
Father doesn't know best: 56 percent of girls say they won't date a guy who smells like their dad
Guard your belongings: One out of two girls admits that she has committed theft by stealing an article of clothing from a guy to smell when he's gone and nearly 60 percent of girls sleep in their guy's clothes because they like his lingering aroma
Need proof of how scent and memory are intertwined? 60 percent of girls still remember the smell of their ex's cologne
Visit www.facebook.com/axe for full results from the AXE Scents and the City study and more tips from Ian Kerner on how to seduce her senses.

AXE-ology

Scent and the City study findings were compiled by Dr. Alan Hirsch, director of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation. Two thousand women ages 18 through 35 underwent live personal individualized nuncupative interviews as to their most preferred aromas. Two hundred subjects were selected per city. Questions were asked in an open fashion and no attempt was made to guide subjects to respond in any particular fashion as no prior hypothesis had been presented to the surveyors.

StrategyOne, a full-service corporate positioning, market research and strategic communications agency conducted a nationwide survey to unveil women's thoughts on scent and attraction. The survey was conducted online among a sample of 1,008 women aged 18 – 34 using the field services of Authentic Response. The results are nationally representative of the U.S. and have a margin of error or +/- 3.09 percent at the 95 percent confidence level.

About AXE

AXE is an iconic personal care brand around the world that helps guys look, smell and feel their best. The Unilever-manufactured brand is available in a line of deodorant bodysprays, deodorant and antiperspirant sticks, shower gels and hair care products. AXE is the No. 1 men's grooming brand in the U.S., excluding shaving hardware, which AXE does not offer, and achieved this status only seven years after launch. The brand's mission is to help guys get the girl with grooming products that reflect individual personality and lifestyle. For more information visit www.theaxeeffect.com.

About Dr. Hirsch

Alan R. Hirsch, M.D., F.A.C.P., a neurologist and psychiatrist, is a nationally recognized smell and taste expert. He has written more than 180 articles on the psychological power of smell, taste and how these senses affect human behavior. As the founder and neurological director of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago, Dr. Hirsch puts his theories to the test in a variety of documented studies.

About StrategyOne

Founded in 1999, StrategyOne is a full-service corporate positioning, market research and strategic communications agency with global research capabilities and offices in New York, Washington, DC, Chicago, Atlanta, London and Paris. StrategyOne utilizes a full suite of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to design custom primary research for clients in a wide range of industries to support their communications and marketing objectives.

How Personality Affects Your Perceived Prettiness

West Long Branch, N.J. – November 29, 2007 – A new study published in Personal Relationships examines the way in which perceptions of physical attractiveness are influenced by personality. The study finds that individuals – both men and women – who exhibit positive traits, such as honesty and helpfulness, are perceived as better looking. Those who exhibit negative traits, such as unfairness and rudeness, appear to be less physically attractive to observers.

Participants in the study viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information on personality traits. After personality information was received, participants also rated the desirability of each individual as a friend and as a dating partner. Information on personality was found to significantly alter perceived desirability, showing that cognitive processes and expectations modify judgments of attractiveness.

“Perceiving a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind,” says study author Gary W. Lewandowski, Jr. The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater desirability as a friend, which leads to greater desirability as a romantic partner and, ultimately, to being viewed as more physically attractive. The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was initially perceived to be, or of the participants' current relationship status or commitment level with a partner.

Previous studies examined physical appearance and personality mainly as independent sources in predicting attraction. By presenting this information in installments, the study simulates a more typical context in which seeing the person’s appearance precedes learning about their personality, and shows that perceptions of a person’s physical attractiveness may change over time due to their positive or negative traits.

“This research provides a more positive alternative by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people’s impressions of how good looking you are,” says Lewandowski.

Facebook Generation Fastest Growing Group in Cosmetic Procedures

IRVINE, Calif., Sept. 8 -- In its annual survey of patients seeking laser hair removal on HairRemovalJournal.org, The Patient's Guide® has found the share of young adults (18-29 yr olds) looking to have the procedure performed at its highest levels on record. Of the 1,541 responses in the survey, 61% were in the 18-29 age demographic, up from 43% in 2009. The share of 30-40 year olds has dropped significantly, from 36% to 24%. (see full results: http://www.hairremovaljournal.org/coststatistics.aspx)

"We've been surprised to see such steady interest from younger patients given the economy," says Patient's Guide Chairman and laser expert Eric F. Bernstein, M.D. "It appears that people in the 30-40 year old segment are the ones really doing some belt tightening these days. People are looking for lower cost beauty alternatives, and are spending more time researching what they really want, and the best place to get it."

In a similar study conducted by The Patient's Guide on Stretchmarks.org, the percentage of 18-29 year olds seeking treatment for stretch marks increased by 37% from 2009 to 2010. "This segment has greater interest in the lower-cost, non-invasive treatments such as hair removal and laser rejuvenation. They're not candidates for expensive procedures like face lifts which cater to older demographics anyway," said Dr. Bernstein. "The economy has been particularly hard for higher cost procedures which typically target older demographics. Our expectation is that as lower cost options become more popular among younger patients, this trend will expand in the older demographics as well."

About The Patient's Guide

The Patient's Guide's mission is to provide the most accurate medical information to enable consumers to make educated decisions about aesthetic treatments. The Patient's Guide team includes leading physicians in the fields of laser and dermatology. These experts are the innovators in skin care and cosmetic dermatology technology breakthroughs, including hair removal, skin rejuvenation, fat reduction and cellulite treatment.
Each month over one million visitors go to The Patient's Guide, a family of 25 web publications, each dedicated to a specific condition or treatment. Visitors rely on the information The Patient's Guide provides because the information is written by leading experts. For more information please visit www.patientsguide.com .

Dual Surveys Reveal Top Concerns for Menopausal Skin on Women

NEW YORK, Sept. 1 -- According to The Effects of Menopause on the Skin, a survey sponsored by Vichy Laboratoires, a division of L'Oreal Active Cosmetics, the vast majority of women over 50 reported experiencing notable changes in the condition of their skin during menopause. In fact, 53 percent reported that the most common issue they faced after entering menopause was dry skin, followed closely by an increase in wrinkles and a sagging neck. (1)

The results of this consumer survey are further supported by additional research conducted by Vichy Laboratoires. According to a survey of 625 dermatologists at the American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting 2010, the number one skin concern reported by menopausal patients is dry skin, followed in second by wrinkles. (2)

Hormones play a major role in the effects of menopause on the skin conditions of women. "By the time women hit their late 40's and 50's, as estrogen levels drop off, they often experience a rapid increase in collagen breakdown. In particular, this can manifest as sagging skin of the neck and jawline and is highly bothersome to my patients," says Boston dermatologist Ranella Hirsch.

About Vichy: Vichy is the #1 skincare brand in European pharmacies. Vichy Laboratoires is dedicated to advancing skin health through a deep understanding of how skin functions, supported by medical research. Vichy Laboratoires' patented ingredients -- combined with Vichy's mineral-enriched Thermal Spa Water -- deliver an exceptionally high level of efficacy, clinically proven by independent dermatologists. Vichy products are available in Dermatological Skincare Centers, with trained beauty advisors, in top CVS, Longs Drugs, Rite Aid and Duane Reade drugstores and sold online at www.vichyusa.com.

1. Survey Methodology: These findings are from a telephone survey conducted among 686 female adults over the age of 50. Interviewing for this survey was completed during the period February 26 – 28, 2010. Opinion Research Corporation of Princeton, NJ, conducted the fieldwork.

2. Findings from survey completed by range of dermatologists during the 2010 American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting.

3. Based on in vitro results showing an increase in collagen 7 & laminin 5.

SOURCE Vichy
http://www.vichyusa.com

For more information about Bio-Match All Natural Hormone Replacement Therapy, go to:
http://www.dermahealthinstitute.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=250

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